Miología veterinaria: avances recientes en la estructura, función y aplicaciones del sistema muscular en animales

Néstor Francisco  Orlando Indacochea; Francisco Javier  Orlando López; Yhony Alfredo  Valverde Lucio; Richard Antonio  Cornejo Cornejo; Liliana Gabriela  Andrade López

doi:10.59169/pentaciencias.v8i3.1850

Authors

Néstor Francisco Orlando Indacochea Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8208-5970
Francisco Javier Orlando López Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2120-4331
Yhony Alfredo Valverde Lucio Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9792-9400
Richard Antonio Cornejo Cornejo Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5450-8609
Liliana Gabriela Andrade López Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8029-2653

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59169/pentaciencias.v8i3.1850

Keywords:

skeletal muscle; comparative anatomy; electromyography; diagnostic imaging; transcriptomics

Abstract

Veterinary myology has moved beyond a purely descriptive approach by integrating comparative anatomy, histology, biomechanics, diagnostic imaging, electrophysiology, and omics sciences. However, recent evidence remains fragmented across clinical practice, animal production, forensic pathology, and tissue engineering. This review aimed to analyze advances published between January 2021 and June 2026 on the structure, function, and applications of skeletal muscle in animals and to identify methodological and knowledge gaps that limit translation. A systematic review guided by international reporting standards was conducted in Scopus and PubMed/MEDLINE. Of 74 records identified, 26 studies met the inclusion criteria. The qualitative synthesis was organized into nine themes: comparative anatomy, molecular regulation, functional assessment, diagnostic imaging, clinical applications, regenerative medicine, forensic pathology, animal production, and anatomy education. The findings depict a translational and multidisciplinary field, although marked heterogeneity persists across species, protocols, and outcomes. Further practical progress requires species-specific protocols, validated reference values, longitudinal studies, external biomarker validation, and closer integration of anatomical and functional findings with clinical or production-related outcomes.

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